{"id":46631,"date":"2023-08-11T17:51:42","date_gmt":"2023-08-11T20:51:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fatosefotosnews.com.br\/pesquisadores-defendem-preservacao-de-sitios-arqueologicos-indigenas\/"},"modified":"2023-08-11T17:51:42","modified_gmt":"2023-08-11T20:51:42","slug":"pesquisadores-defendem-preservacao-de-sitios-arqueologicos-indigenas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fatosefotosnews.com.br\/?p=46631","title":{"rendered":"Pesquisadores defendem preserva\u00e7\u00e3o de s\u00edtios arqueol\u00f3gicos ind\u00edgenas"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pesquisadores e 14 caciques xavante reivindicam com urg\u00eancia a identifica\u00e7\u00e3o, registro e preserva\u00e7\u00e3o dos s\u00edtios arqueol\u00f3gicos que constituem antigas aldeias em Mato Grosso e que n\u00e3o est\u00e3o demarcadas. Documento com a reivindica\u00e7\u00e3o foi enviado ao Instituto de Patrim\u00f4nio Hist\u00f3rico e Art\u00edstico Nacional (Iphan), ao Minist\u00e9rio P\u00fablico Federal (MPF) e \u00e0 Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Nacional dos Povos Ind\u00edgenas (Funai).<\/p>\n

O documento surgiu ap\u00f3s pesquisa em campo, coordenada pela arque\u00f3loga e professora da Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo (Unifesp) Cl\u00e1udia Plens, que comprovou, por meio de escava\u00e7\u00f5es arqueol\u00f3gicas, a exist\u00eancia de vala comum<\/a> na Terra Ind\u00edgena de S\u00e3o Marcos (MT). No local, foram enterrados ind\u00edgenas v\u00edtimas de viola\u00e7\u00f5es de direitos humanos na ditadura militar.<\/p>\n

No m\u00eas de junho deste ano, os pesquisadores fizeram entrevistas com l\u00edderes e anci\u00f5es da etnia xavante de Mar\u00e3iwats\u00e9d\u00e9, al\u00e9m de deslocamentos por estradas vicinais de livre acesso. Com isso, foi identificada a localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de antigas aldeias que atualmente se encontram dentro de terrenos particulares.\u00a0<\/p>\n

De acordo com o documento, a aldeia mais antiga dentre as identificadas pelos pesquisadores \u2013 chamada B\u00f6\u2019u \u2013 apresenta s\u00edtio arqueol\u00f3gico preservado, mas dentro de propriedade privada e, por isso, em situa\u00e7\u00e3o de amea\u00e7a. Al\u00e9m disso, os autores do pedido ressaltam que o processo demarcat\u00f3rio n\u00e3o contemplou as antigas aldeias ocupadas pelos ind\u00edgenas de Mar\u00e3iwats\u00e9d\u00e9, das quais 11 estariam fora do per\u00edmetro demarcado da Terra Ind\u00edgena Mar\u00e3iwats\u00e9d\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u201cEles [s\u00edtios arqueol\u00f3gicos em propriedade privada] podem desaparecer. O fazendeiro pode passar a m\u00e1quina, e toda a cultura material que poderia contar a hist\u00f3ria dos xavante pode ser destru\u00edda. \u00c9 o patrim\u00f4nio cultural dessa sociedade que pode desaparecer\u201d, enfatizou a antrop\u00f3loga.<\/p>\n

O documento, que \u00e9 assinado por Cl\u00e1udia Plens, pelo antrop\u00f3logo Paulo Delgado, da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), e por 14 caciques xavante, destaca que, durante as entrevistas, \u201cas lideran\u00e7as e anci\u00f5es ressaltaram a import\u00e2ncia da manuten\u00e7\u00e3o e prote\u00e7\u00e3o dos antigos locais de moradia por constitu\u00edrem refer\u00eancias importantes na sua organiza\u00e7\u00e3o social, assim como na sustenta\u00e7\u00e3o de sua identidade \u00e9tnica a qual explicitasse por meio da rela\u00e7\u00e3o ct\u00f4nica [relativa \u00e0 terra] entre aqueles locais de moradia e o modo de ser e existir do subgrupo xavante de Mar\u00e3iwats\u00e9d\u00e9\u201d.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201cToda ocupa\u00e7\u00e3o humana pode ser considerada um s\u00edtio arqueol\u00f3gico porque tem materialidade que atesta eventos hist\u00f3ricos. Mas, oficialmente, ele s\u00f3 \u00e9 considerado s\u00edtio arqueol\u00f3gico ap\u00f3s cadastramento no Iphan. No caso dessas aldeias antigas, fomos at\u00e9 pr\u00f3ximo a elas com os anci\u00e3os que nos acompanharam e descreveram as aldeias\u201d, explicou a antrop\u00f3loga.<\/p>\n

Cl\u00e1udia acrescentou que \u201celes [ind\u00edgenas] n\u00e3o podem entrar ou chegar nas suas antigas aldeias, que hoje est\u00e3o em propriedade privada. Por essa mesma raz\u00e3o, eu n\u00e3o pude entrar para delimitar e pegar informa\u00e7\u00f5es para cadastrar as aldeias como s\u00edtio arqueol\u00f3gico no Iphan\u201d.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Em 1966, a popula\u00e7\u00e3o xavante de Mar\u00e3iwats\u00e9d\u00e9 foi v\u00edtima de remo\u00e7\u00e3o compuls\u00f3ria de seu territ\u00f3rio tradicional para a regi\u00e3o de S\u00e3o Marcos, localizada a cerca de 500 quil\u00f4metros (km) de dist\u00e2ncia, onde viviam outros grupos xavante. A transfer\u00eancia foi feita em avi\u00f5es da For\u00e7a A\u00e9rea Brasileira (FAB), em um contexto de epidemia de sarampo. Dezenas de ind\u00edgenas foram acometidos pela doen\u00e7a e morreram em poucos dias. Os mortos foram enterrados em uma vala comum na terra ind\u00edgena.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201cOs sobreviventes, conforme relataram os interlocutores a essa pesquisa, naquela \u00e9poca, desejaram veementemente retornar a seus antigos locais de moradia em virtude n\u00e3o s\u00f3 da crise humanit\u00e1ria gerada pelo sarampo, mas, tamb\u00e9m, pela conviv\u00eancia for\u00e7ada com um grupo xavante que lhes era hostil\u201d, diz outro trecho.\u00a0<\/p>\n

O Minist\u00e9rio P\u00fablico Federal em Mato Grosso confirmou o recebimento do documento. \u201cO 2\u00ba Of\u00edcio de Popula\u00e7\u00f5es Ind\u00edgenas e Comunidades Tradicionais far\u00e1 a an\u00e1lise preliminar das informa\u00e7\u00f5es relatadas e definir\u00e1 os pr\u00f3ximos passos, o que pode significar a instaura\u00e7\u00e3o de um inqu\u00e9rito, o arquivamento do caso ou outras medidas cab\u00edveis\u201d, disse o MPF, em nota.\u00a0<\/p>\n

A Ag\u00eancia Brasil<\/strong> solicitou posicionamento da Funai e do Iphan, mas n\u00e3o teve retorno at\u00e9 a conclus\u00e3o da reportagem.<\/p>\n

Fonte: EBC GERAL<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pesquisadores e 14 caciques xavante reivindicam com urg\u00eancia a identifica\u00e7\u00e3o, registro e preserva\u00e7\u00e3o dos s\u00edtios arqueol\u00f3gicos que constituem antigas aldeias em Mato Grosso e que n\u00e3o est\u00e3o demarcadas. Documento com a reivindica\u00e7\u00e3o foi enviado ao Instituto de Patrim\u00f4nio Hist\u00f3rico e Art\u00edstico Nacional (Iphan), ao Minist\u00e9rio P\u00fablico Federal (MPF) e \u00e0 Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Nacional dos Povos Ind\u00edgenas 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